The development of high-tech industries in Iran, particularly electric vehicles (EVs), faces interconnected institutional, policy, and techno-economic barriers rooted in weak integrated governance. This study, employing a quantitative approach with a descriptive-survey method, aims to identify, prioritize, and analyze structural barriers to EV development in Iran and extract integrated governance requirements. The statistical population included managers, experts, and specialists in the automotive, energy, supply chain, and policy-making sectors, from which 67 individuals were selected through non-random purposive and snowball sampling. A researcher-made questionnaire with 9 independent variables and 36 items was used; its validity was confirmed via Delphi method and CVR/CVI indices. Data analysis was conducted using multivariate regression modeling. Findings revealed two main categories of barriers: "institutional challenges" (institutional fragmentation, contradictory policies, infrastructure gaps, and lack of value chain integration) and "techno-economic challenges" (energy imbalance, weak key technologies, financing constraints, and the assembly trap). Results showed that while energy imbalance and technological weakness appear to have the highest impact, the root cause lies in deeper institutional discontinuities and fragmented governance, where institutional fragmentation and contradictory policies create the context for techno-economic crises, trapping the automotive industry in an "assembly trap." The study formulates three prerequisites for integrated governance: a single cross-sectoral coordinating authority, an integrated long-term national strategy, and a transition from assembly-based to integrated value chain models. Redefining governance structures is a necessary precondition for any technological planning or industrial investment in this domain.