Comparative Study of Experiences of Developed Countries in Maintaining Emergency Reserves and Devising Solutions for Iran

Document Type : پژوهشی - کاربردی

Authors

1 Faculty Member,, ITSR

2 Faculty Member, ITSR

Abstract

One of the most important responsibilities of any government is to ensure that the basic food requirements of the population and the requirements of critical service sectors to the key materials and products are met during crises. In developed countries of Europe, North America and Oceania, three main approaches exist for this purpose. The first approach is maintaining emergency reserves of important food and non-food commodities or products. In the two other approaches, no such reserves are maintained. In the second approach, in critical conditions government relies on coordination among authorities and local authorities, or it may directly acquire the required goods from the market and compensates later. Finally, the third approach is to rely on free market mechanisms and taking actions only if necessary. Since Iran maintains strategic reserves for staple foods, medicine and medial equipment's, this study is focused on examining the experiences of the developed countries that have adopted similar approaches. In this regard, the storage and management mechanisms of emergency reserves in Finland, Germany, Czech Republic, Slovenia and United States are studied and analyzed, and then policy recommendations are devised for improving the relevant policies in Iran.

Keywords

References

شرکت مادر تخصصی بازرگانی دولتی ایران (1398)، خلاصه گزارش عملکرد شرکت بازرگانی دولتی ایران، سال 1397.
میاندوآبچی، ا. و آقاجانی (1399)، «ذخایر راهبردی محصولات کشاورزی: مطالعه تطبیقی تجارب کشورهای آسیایی و ارائه پیشنهاداتی برای ایران»، دوماهنامه بررسی‌های بازرگانی، در حال چاپ.
میرباقری، و.؛ برادران نصیری؛ امامی و حسینی ثابت (1394)، «ذخیره‌سازی محصولات اساسی در شرایط پساتحریم»، مرکز پژوهش‌های مجلس شورای اسلامی، شماره مسلسل 14618، دی‌ماه 1394.
نصر اصفهانی، ا. (1397)، «تحلیل چالش‌های مدیریت ذخایر غلات در جهان و ارائه راهبردها»، وزارت جهاد کشاورزی، موسسه پژوهش‌های برنامه‌ریزی اقتصاد کشاورزی و توسعه روستایی.
نصراصفهانی، ا.؛ امجدی؛ شاهی و جیران (1394)، «گزارش تحلیلی نحوه تعیین اقلام و میزان ذخایر راهبردی محصولات کشاورزی»، موسسه پژوهش‌های برنامه‌ریزی، اقتصاد کشاورزی و توسعه روستایی.
Administration of State Material Reserves, https://www.sshr.cz/.
Agency of the Republic of Slovenia for Commodity Reserves, https://www.dbr.si/.
Ben-Yehuda, T. (2015). An Emergency Food Authority: The Case of Israel and a Comparative Survey, The Knesset Research and Information Center.
Caballero-Anthony M., P.S. Teng P., Shrestha, M., Nair, T. & Lassa J.A. (2015). Public Stockpiling and Food Security, Policy Brief, Nanyang Technological University.
Ernährungsvorsorge, https://www.ernaehrungsvorsorge.de/.
FAO (2020). Statistical Yearbook 2020, http://www.fao.org/.
Federal Office for Agriculture and Food, Our Topics, www.ble.de.
Finlex Data Bank, www.finlex.fi.
Finnish Medicines Agency, www.fimea.fi.
Folkers, A. (2019). Freezing time, preparing for the future: The stockpile as a temporal matter of security, Security Dialogue, 50 (6), 493-511.
Food and Water Watch (2014). Grain Reserves: Common-Sense Farm Policy, https://www.foodandwaterwatch.org/.
Härtel, I., & Ren, D. (2018). Handbook of Agri-Food Law in China, Germany, European Union: Food Security, Food Safety, Sustainable Use of Resources in Agriculture, Springer.
Maunder, N. (2013). Social protection and resilient food systems, Summary 6: The role of food reserves, www.odi.org
Musselli, I. (2017). Agriculture, Price Stabilisation and Trade Rules: A Principled Approach, Brill Nijhoff, Leidenm Boston.
National Emergency Supply Agency, www.nesa.fi
Public Health Emergency, Strategic National Stockpile, https://www.phe.gov.
Shardi, H. (2020, April 10). Finland opens secret warehouses of the Cold War. The Union Journal, https://theunionjournal.com.
USDA (2017). Foods Program Disaster Manual, September 2017, www.usda.gov.
USDA (2020a). FNS Nutrition Programs, Food and Nutrition Service, https://www.fns.usda.gov/.
USDA (2020b). FNS-101: Disaster Assistance, Food and Nutrition Service, https://www.fns.usda.gov/.
USDA (2020c). USDA Foods Expected to be Available, Food and Nutrition Service, https://www.fns.usda.gov/.
World Bank (2012). Using Public Foodgrain Stocks to Enhance Food Security, Economic Sector Work, Report Number 71280-GLB, https://documents.worldbank.org/.
Commercial Surveys
Volume 19, Issue 111 - Serial Number 111
January and February 2022
Pages 27-44

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 14 December 2020
  • Revise Date: 28 February 2021
  • Accept Date: 30 March 2021

Share

How to cite

Statistics